• Search tip: for exact phrase use "quotation marks" or for all words use +
  • More search tips here

                  Regional Councils

                  Regional councils in Scotland were established under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973.[1] This established a two-tier system of local government with nine regional councils and 53 district councils along with three islands councils (Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles) which were single tier authorities. The nine regional councils were Strathclyde, Lothian, Dumfries & Galloway, Central, Tayside, Highland, Grampian, Borders and Fife. Regional councils were first elected in 1974 and acted as shadow authorities until May 1975, when they assumed full powers.

                  Regional councils had responsibility for education, social work, roads and road safety, public transport, careers service, highways lighting, trading standards, weights and measures, water and sewerage, flood prevention, coast protection, fire services, police services, civil defence, diseases of animals, strategic planning, industrial promotion, valuations and rating, electoral registration and registration of births, marriages and deaths. They also had responsibilities for making proper arrangements for their records. The regional councils of the three least populated mainland regions – Highland, Borders and Dumfries and Galloway – were also given responsibilities for libraries and building control although in the rest of the mainland this was a district council responsibility. Lothian and Borders, and Highland and the islands councils were combined for the purposes of police and fire.

                  From 1975 regional councils were also required to co-operate with district councils to deliver some functions. However, in 1982, various responsibilities were re-allocated.[2] Regional councils ceased to have responsibilities for entertainment, tourism, food and drugs enforcement, public conveniences, markets, public clocks, roadside seats and war memorials. The role of regional councils in industrial promotion and planning was also clarified.

                  Regional, islands and district councils were abolished in 1996 and replaced by a single-tier local government structure.[3]

                  Records of regional councils are held by local authority archives services. Strathclyde records are held by Glasgow City Archives, Lothian by Edinburgh City Archives, Dumfries & Galloway by Dumfries & Galloway Archives, Central by Stirling Council Archives, Tayside by Dundee City Archives, Highland by Highland Archives, Grampian by Aberdeen City and Aberdeenshire Archives, Borders by Scottish Borders Archives and Fife by Fife Archives. Other local authority archives services also hold duplicates of some regional council records.

                  Compilers: SCAN contributors (2000). Editor: Elspeth Reid (2021)

                  Related Knowledge Base entries

                  District Councils 1975-1996.

                  District Councils 1930-1975.

                  Islands Councils

                  Bibliography

                  Ferguson, Keith, An introduction to local government in Scotland (The Planning Exchange, 1984)

                  Kerley, Richard with Mark Urquhart, Local authority organisation and management in Scotland 1975-1996 (Scottish Office Central Research Unit, 1997)

                  McConnell, Allan, Scottish Local Government (Edinburgh University Press, 2004)

                   

                  References

                  [1] Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 (c.65).

                  [2] Local Government and Planning (Scotland) Act 1982 (c.43).

                  [3] Local Government etc (Scotland) Act 1994 (c.39).

                  Police Authorities

                  Police Authorities

                  Police authorities were the bodies which appointed the chief constable of a police force and supervised the force’s operations. In Scotland, these bodies were local authorities, until all Scottish police forces were merged into a single national police force in 2013.

                  In burghs before the 19th century the magistrates were responsible for maintaining law and order, and they were able to appoint constables or watchmen. In 1800, a local act of parliament for Glasgow enabled the appointment of police commissioners who were given responsibilities for ‘regulating the police and appointing watchmen’.[1] Following this, other local acts of parliament to improve burghs usually made provision for the election of police commissioners who could be the existing magistrates or a separate body. From 1847, towns which adopted the general police acts elected police commissioners.[2]After 1857 towns could prevent control of the burgh police going to the commissioners of supply of the county by claiming the right to be police burghs: these burghs, such as Stirling, created a body known as the commissioners of police, which sat alongside the town council and was made up of many of the same people.[3] Thus, until 1892, police commissioners could either be the magistrates and town council of the burgh or a separate body, depending on the method of adopting police powers.  In 1892 only those burghs with 7000 or more inhabitants were allowed to keep their police forces, and new forces were restricted to burghs with a population of over 20,000.[4] Police commissioners were abolished in 1900 and replaced by a town council.[5]  Thereafter responsibilities for police forces in burghs lay with the town council, which generally appointed a police committee to supervise the burgh police force.

                  In counties, police committees were generally set up after the commissioners of supply were empowered to set up police forces by the Rogue Money (Scotland) Act 1839.[6] This provided the funding for a constabulary and enabled commissioners of supply to unite with another county for this purpose. The Police (Scotland) Act 1857 required all counties which had not already done so to appoint a police committee made up of commissioners of supply, the lord lieutenant and the sheriff of the county and to appoint a police force.[7]

                  The Local Government (Scotland) Act 1889 transferred the powers and duties of the police committees to standing joint committees composed of county councillors, commissioners of supply and the sheriff-principal.[8] Standing joint committees also had an important role in the administration of county finances: county councils wanting to borrow or undertake capital expenditure had to obtain their consent. They were abolished by the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1929.[9]

                  After 1929, many police forces were amalgamated and the police authorities therefore worked together in joint police committees made up of representatives from the local authorities within the boundaries of the amalgamated force. Under the Police (Scotland) Act 1967, police authorities were defined as the town council of burghs with police forces and the county council for counties, with the proviso that this was subject to any amalgamation scheme.[10] Joint police committees were constituted where police areas extended beyond a single local authority. Under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973, the regional councils and islands councils became the police authorities, again subject to any amalgamation scheme.[11] In 1996 there was no change to the existing police areas and the police authorities were the new unitary councils, meeting as joint police committees.[12] The eight police authorities were replaced by the Scottish Police Authority in 2013.[13]

                  The records of police authorities before 1996 are held by local authority archives services.  Records of some local police authorities after 1996 were transferred to the Scottish Police Authority.

                  Compilers: SCAN contributors (2000). Editors:  Pam McNicol (Stirling Council Archives, 2021), Elspeth Reid (2021)

                  Related Knowledge Base entries

                  Policing and Police Forces

                  Police – Burgh Police Forces

                  Police – County Constabularies

                  Police amalgamations and reorganisations

                  Police records (introduction)

                  Police authority minutes

                  Police Chief Constable annual reports

                  Police Chief Constable letter books

                  Police correspondence files, case files & administrative files

                  Police instruction books & manuals

                  Police licensing and similar records

                  Police memoranda books

                  Police photographs

                  Police staff records or personnel records

                  Police station records

                  Bibliography

                  Barrie, G., Police in the Age of Improvement: police development and the civic tradition in Scotland 1775-1865 (Willan, 2008)

                  Dinsmor, Alastair, and Robert H. J. Urquhart, ‘The Origins of Modern Policing in Scotland’ Scottish Archives, 7 (2001), pp. 36-44

                  Harrison, John G., ‘Policing the Stirling Area, 1660-1706’ Scottish Archives, 7 (2001), pp. 16-24

                  Stallion, Martin and David S. Wall, The British Police: Forces and Chief Officers 1829-2012 (Police History Society, 2011)

                  Stewart, Marion M., ‘A Policeman’s Lot: Police Records in Dumfries and Galloway, 1850-1950’ Scottish Archives, 7 (2001), pp. 25-35

                   

                  References

                  [1] Glasgow City Extension and Improvement Act 1800 (39 & 40 Geo. III c.lxxxviii).

                  [2] Burgh Police (Scotland) Act 1847 (10 & 11 Vict. c.39)

                  [3] Police (Scotland) Act 1857 (20 & 21 Vict. c.72).

                  [4] Burgh Police (Scotland) Act, 1892 (55 & 56 Vict. c.55).

                  [5] Town Councils (Scotland) Act, 1900 (63 & 64 Vict. c.49).

                  [6] Rogue Money (Scotland) Act 1839 (2 & 3 Vict. c.65).

                  [7] Police (Scotland) Act 1857 (20 & 21 Vict. c.72).

                  [8] Local Government (Scotland) Act 1889 (52 & 53 Vict. c.50).

                  [9] Local Government (Scotland) Act 1929 (19 & 20 Geo. V c.25).

                  [10] Police (Scotland) Act 1967 (c.77).

                  [11] Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 (c.65) s.146

                  [12] Local Government etc (Scotland) Act 1994 (c.39) ss.34-35

                  [13] Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (asp 8).

                  Police reorganisations

                  Throughout the later 19th century and the 20th century many burgh constabularies were absorbed by county or city constabularies, and several constabularies amalgamated. Following the Police (Scotland) Act 1857, the Inspectors of Constabulary for Scotland advised that smaller police forces should be amalgamated with counties or nearby burghs, and this view was repeated by various committees in the 20th century.[1]

                  In 1889 the counties of Ross and Cromarty, including their police forces, were united.[2] In 1930 the constabularies of Perthshire & Kinross-shire combined, and likewise the constabularies of Moray & Nairnshire.[3]

                  Following legislation in 1946, several large forces were created between 1948 and 1950.[4] These were Scottish North-Eastern Counties (Aberdeenshire, Banffshire, Kincardineshire, Morayshire and Nairnshire); Berwick, Roxburgh & Selkirk; Renfrewshire & Bute; Stirling & Clackmannan; Dumfries & Galloway (Dumfriesshire, Kirkcudbrightshire and Wigtownshire); and Lothian & Peebles (East Lothian, Midlothian, Peeblesshire, and West Lothian).

                  In 1963 the forces of Ross & Cromarty and Sutherland combined to form the Ross & Sutherland Constabulary, and in 1969 the Northern Constabulary was formed from the constabularies of Caithness, Orkney and Zetland. In 1975 all county, burgh and amalgamated constabularies were replaced by eight police forces (Strathclyde, Lothian & Borders, Grampian, Tayside, Fife, Central, Northern, and Dumfries and Galloway), supervised by regional council police committees.[5] These eight forces were amalgamated into Police Scotland in 2013.[6]

                  Police Scotland is responsible for the surviving historical records of its predecessor police forces and has agreements with a number of local authority archives to hold many of these records which are no longer required for operational purposes (see police records locations for details).

                  Compilers: SCAN contributors (2000).

                  Related Knowledge Base entries

                  Policing and Police Forces

                  Police records locations

                  Police – Burgh police forces

                  Police – County Constabularies

                  Police – List of police forces in Scotland

                  Police records introduction

                  Bibliography

                  Davidson, Neil, Louise A. Jackson and David M. Smale ‘Police Amalgamation and Reform in Scotland: The Long Twentieth Century’ The Scottish Historical Review, 95.1: No 240 (2016), pp. 88-111

                  Dinsmor, Alastair, and Robert H. J. Urquhart, ‘The Origins of Modern Policing in Scotland’ Scottish Archives, 7 (2001), pp. 36-44

                  Stallion, Martin and David S. Wall, The British police: forces and chief officers 1829-2012 (Police History Society, 2011)

                   

                  References

                  [1] Police (Scotland) Act 1857 (20 & 21 Vict. c.72); Neil Davidson, Louis A. Jackson and David M Smale ‘Police Amalgamation and Reform in Scotland: The Long Twentieth Century’ The Scottish Historical Review, 95.1: No 240 (2016) pp. 88-111 (pp.93, 97-98).

                  [2] Local Government (Scotland) Act 1889 (57 & 58 Vict. c.58).

                  [3] Local Government (Scotland) Act 1929 (19 & 20 Geo. V c.25) s.10(7).

                  [4] Police (Scotland) Act 1946 (9 & 10 Geo. VI c.71).

                  [5] Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 (c.65).

                  [6] Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (asp 8).

                  Police – List of police forces in Scotland

                  Police Forces in Scotland, 1800-2013

                  This list is of police forces in the modern sense (full time constables and officers, supervised by an elected police authority, and funded by local taxation). It has been compiled from information published in Martin Stallion and David S. Wall, The British Police: Forces and Chief Officers 1829-2012 (Police History Society, 2011); R. M. Urquhart, The Burghs of Scotland 5 vols (Scottish Library Association, 1989-92); David G. Barrie, Police in the Age of Improvement: police development and the civic tradition in Scotland 1775-1865 (Willan, 2008) and from information supplied by archivists in Scotland who hold police records.  However, the dates given should be used with caution, as the dates given by Stallion and Wall are based on printed sources rather than on the records produced by police forces and local authorities.

                  Police Scotland is responsible for the surviving historical records of its predecessor police forces and has agreements with a number of local authority archives to hold many of these records which are no longer required for operational purposes (see police records locations for details).

                  Compilers: SCAN contributors (2000).

                  REGIONAL POLICE FORCES, 1975-2013

                  Central Scotland Police Formed 1975 (from Stirling & Clackmannan, part of Perth & Kinross and part of Lothians & Peebles).  Abolished 2013.  Successor force:  Police Scotland

                  Dumfries and Galloway Constabulary Formed 1948.  Abolished 2013.  Successor force:  Police Scotland

                  Fife Constabulary Formed 1840 as Fife County Constabulary.  Abolished 2013.  Successor force:  Police Scotland

                  Grampian Police Formed 1975 (merger of Aberdeen and Scottish North Eastern Counties).  Abolished 2013.  Successor force:  Police Scotland

                  Lothian and Borders Police Formed 1975 (merger of Berwick Roxburgh & Selkirk, Edinburgh City and Lothians & Peebles).  Abolished 2013.  Successor force:  Police Scotland

                  Northern Constabulary Formed 1969 (merger of Caithness-shire, Orkney and Shetland).  Abolished 2013.  Successor force:  Police Scotland

                  Strathclyde Police Formed 1975 (merger of Argyllshire, Ayrshire, Dunbartonshire, Glasgow City, Lanarkshire, Renfrew & Bute and part of Stirling & Clackmannan).  Abolished 2013.  Successor force:  Police Scotland

                  Tayside Police Formed 1975 (merger of Angus, Dundee City and Perth & Kinross).  Abolished 2013.  Successor force:  Police Scotland

                   

                  CITY CONSTABULARIES before 1975

                  Aberdeen Formed 1818.  Abolished 1975.  Successor force: Grampian

                  Dundee Formed 1824.  Abolished 1975.  Successor force: Tayside.

                  Edinburgh City Formed 1805.  Abolished 1975.  Successor force: Lothian and Borders

                  Glasgow City Formed 1800.  Abolished 1975.  Successor force: Strathclyde.

                   

                  AMALGAMATED POLICE FORCES before 1975

                  Berwick, Roxburgh & Selkirk Formed 1948 (merger of Berwickshire, Roxburghshire and Selkirkshire).  Abolished 1975.  Successor force: Lothian and Borders

                  Dumfries & Galloway Formed 1948 (merger of Dumfriesshire, Kirkcudbrightshire and Wigtownshire). Abolished 2013. Successor force: Police Scotland

                  Lothian & Peebles Formed 1950 (merger of East Lothian, Midlothian, Peeblesshire and West Lothian).  Abolished 1975.  Successor force: Lothian and Borders.

                  Moray & Nairn Formed 1930 (merger of Morayshire and Nairnshire).  Abolished 1949.  Successor force: Scottish North-Eastern Counties.

                  Northern Formed 1969 (merger of Caithness-shire, Orkney and Shetland). Abolished 2013. Successor force: Police Scotland.

                  Perth & Kinross Formed 1964 (merger of Perth City and Perthshire & Kinross-shire.  Abolished 1975.  Successor force: Tayside.

                  Perthshire & Kinross-shire Formed 1930 (merger of Perthshire and Kinross-shire).  Abolished 1964 (on amalgamation with Perth City Police).  Successor force: Perth & Kinross.

                  Renfrew & Bute Formed 1949 merger of Renfrewshire and Bute).  Abolished 1975.  Successor force: Strathclyde.

                  Ross & Sutherland Formed 1963 (merger of Ross & Cromarty and Sutherland).  Abolished 1975.  Successor force: Northern.

                  Scottish North-Eastern Counties Formed 1949 (merger of Aberdeenshire, Banffshire, Kincardineshire and Moray & Nairn).  Abolished 1975.  Successor force: Grampian.

                  Stirling & Clackmannan Formed 1949 (merger of Clackmannanshire and Stirlingshire).  Abolished 1975.  Successor force: Central Scotland

                   

                  COUNTY CONSTABULARIES

                  Aberdeenshire Formed 1840.  Abolished 1949.  Successor force: Scottish North-Eastern Counties.

                  Angus Formed 1840 (as Forfarshire, renamed Angus in 1928).  Abolished 1975.  Successor force: Tayside.

                  Argyllshire Formed 1840.  Abolished 1975.  Successor force: Strathclyde.

                  Ayrshire Formed 1839.  Abolished 1975.  Successor force: Strathclyde.

                  Banffshire Formed 1840.  Abolished 1949.  Successor force: Scottish North-Eastern Counties.

                  Berwickshire Formed 1850.  Abolished 1948.  Successor force: Berwick, Roxburgh and Selkirk.

                  Bute Formed 1858.  Abolished 1949.  Successor force: Renfrewshire and Bute.

                  Caithness-shire Formed 1858.  Abolished 1969.  Successor force: Northern.

                  Clackmannanshire Formed 1850.  Abolished 1949.  Successor force: Stirling and Clackmannan

                  Cromarty County Formed c.1867.  Abolished 1889.  Successor force: Ross and Cromarty.

                  Dumfriesshire Formed 1838.  Abolished 1948.  Successor force: Dumfries and Galloway.

                  Dunbartonshire Formed 1840.  Abolished 1975.  Successor force: Strathclyde

                  East Lothian (Haddingtonshire) Formed 1832.  Abolished 1950.  Successor force: Lothians and Peebles.

                  Edinburghshire – see Midlothian

                  Elginshire – see Morayshire

                  Fife Formed 1840. Abolished 2013.  Successor force: Police Scotland

                  Forfarshire – see Angus

                  Haddingtonshire – see East Lothian

                  Inverness-shire Formed 1840.  Abolished 1975.  Successor force: Northern.

                  Kincardineshire Formed 1841.  Abolished 1949.  Successor force: Scottish North-Eastern Counties.

                  Kinross-shire Formed 1836.  Abolished 1930.  Successor force: Perthshire and Kinross-shire

                  Kirkcudbrightshire Stallion & Wall state that the force was formed in 1839, but other dates suggested for formation are 1843 and 1849.  Abolished 1948.  Successor force: Dumfries and Galloway.

                  Lanarkshire Formed 1857.  Abolished 1975.  Successor force: Strathclyde.

                  Linlithgowshire – see West Lothian

                  Midlothian Formed 1840 (as Edinburghshire).  Abolished 1950.  Successor force: Lothian and Peebles.

                  Morayshire Formed 1844 (as Elginshire, name changed to Morayshire in 1890).  Abolished 1930.  Successor force: Moray and Nairn.

                  Nairnshire Formed 1850.  Abolished 1930.  Successor force: Moray and Nairn

                  Orkney Formed 1858.  Abolished 1969.  Successor force: Northern.

                  Peeblesshire Formed 1841.  Abolished 1950.  Successor force: Lothian and Peebles.

                  Perthshire Formed 1839.  Abolished 1930.  Successor force: Perthshire and Kinross-shire.

                  Renfrewshire Formed 1840.  Abolished 1949.  Successor force: Renfrew & Bute.

                  Ross-shire Formed 1858.  Abolished 1889.  Successor force Ross & Cromarty

                  Ross and Cromarty Formed 1889. Abolished 1963.  Successor force: Ross and Sutherland.

                  Roxburghshire Formed 1840.  Abolished 1948.  Successor force: Berwick, Roxburgh & Selkirk.

                  Selkirkshire Formed 1842.  Abolished 1948.  Successor force: Berwick, Roxburgh & Selkirk.

                  Shetland Formed 1883 (renamed Zetland 1940).  Abolished 1969.  Successor force: Northern.

                  Stirlingshire Formed 1850.  Abolished 1949.  Successor force: Stirling & Clackmannan

                  Sutherland Formed 1850.  Abolished 1963.  Successor force: Ross and Sutherland.

                  West Lothian Formed 1840 (as Linlithgowshire).  Abolished 1950.  Successor force: Lothians & Peebles.

                  Wester Ross Formed 1850. Abolished 1853. Successor force Ross.

                  Wigtownshire Formed 1838.  Abolished 1948.  Successor force: Dumfries & Galloway.

                   

                  BURGH AND OTHER CONSTABULARIES

                  Aberdeen Harbour Formed – not known.  Abolished 1854.  Successor force: Aberdeen

                  Airdrie Burgh Formed 1821.  Abolished 1967.  Successor force: Lanarkshire

                  Alloa Burgh Formed 1822.  Abolished 1930.  Successor force: Clackmannanshire

                  Anderston Burgh Formed 1824.  Abolished 1846.  Successor force: Glasgow City

                  Annan Burgh Formed 1858? Abolished 1881.  Successor force: Dumfries-shire.

                  Arbroath Burgh Formed 1836.  Abolished 1949.  Successor force: Angus County.

                  Ardrossan Burgh Formed 1859.  Abolished 1878 Successor force: Ayrshire.

                  Ayr Burgh Formed 1845.  Abolished 1968.  Successor force: Ayrshire.

                  Banff Burgh Formed circa 1859.  Abolished 1886.  Successor force: Banffshire.

                  Blairgowrie Burgh Formed 1857. Abolished 1875.  Successor force: Perthshire.

                  Brechin Burgh Formed 1859.  Abolished 1930.  Successor force: Angus.

                  Broughty Ferry Burgh Formed 1888.  Abolished 1913.  Successor force: Dundee.

                  Burntisland Burgh Formed 1859.  Abolished 1861.  Successor force: Fife.

                  Calton Burgh Formed 1819.  Abolished 1846.  Successor force: Glasgow City.

                  Campbeltown Burgh Formed 1858.  Abolished 1863.  Successor force: Argyllshire.

                  Clyde River Police Formed 1862.  Abolished 1867.  Successor force: Glasgow City.

                  Coatbridge Burgh Formed 1886.  Abolished 1967.  Successor force: Lanarkshire.

                  Cromarty Burgh Formed 1859.  Abolished 1868.  Successor force: Cromarty County

                  Cullen Burgh Stallion & Wall state that a force was formed in 1840 and was absorbed by Elginshire around 1861. However, Cullen burgh was in the county of Banff, not Elginshire. The Banffshire Police Committee minutes record that in 1859 the Provost of Cullen was asked whether the burgh intended to establish a force. Although there is no record of a reply, the Chief Constable of Banffshire was instructed later that year to appoint a constable for Cullen burgh ‘ with the least possible delay’ [Aberdeen City Archives: BC1/2/1, page 22]. The Banffshire Commissioners of Supply collected a police assessment from the burgh, which suggests that the burgh did not have its own force.

                  Cupar Burgh Formed 1859.  Abolished 1864.  Successor force: Fife.

                  Dingwall Burgh Formed 1859.  Abolished 1865.  Successor force: Ross.

                  Dumbarton Burgh Formed 1855.  Abolished 1949.  Successor force: Dunbartonshire

                  Dumfries Burgh A form of police force seems to have existed in the burgh from 1788, but a regular force probably dates from 1811.  Abolished 1932.  Successor force: Dumfries-shire.

                  Dunbar Burgh Formed 1844.  Abolished 1869.  Successor force: East Lothian.

                  Dunfermline Burgh Formed 1811.  Abolished 1949.  Successor force: Fife

                  Dysart Burgh Formed 1858.  Abolished 1859? Successor force: Fife

                  Elgin Burgh Formed 1850.  Abolished 1893.  Successor force: Morayshire (known as Elginshire until 1890)

                  Forfar Burgh Formed 1857.  Abolished 1930.  Successor force: Angus.

                  Forres Burgh Formed c.1859.  Abolished 1866.  Successor force: Morayshire.

                  Fraserburgh Burgh Formed 1850. Stallion & Wall say 1859, but the minutes of the Fraserburgh Police Commissioners, 12 August 1850, record a resolution to employ four supernumerary constables during the herring fishing ‘to patrol chiefly on Saturday nights from 3pm to 1 o’clock’, or until the streets shall be quiet and clear of disorderly people, and to co-operate with the towns sergeant and that there [sic] attention be directed to tippling houses’. The Police Commissioners also resolved to stop paying the county police rates at this time. There is no mention of a special establishment, but the officers continue to be mentioned in the minutes thereafter.  Abolished 1866.  Successor force: Aberdeenshire.

                  Galashiels Burgh Formed 1850.  Abolished 1930.  Successor force: Selkirkshire.

                  Glasgow Airport Formed 1966. Abolished 1975. Successor force Strathclyde.

                  Gorbals Although not a burgh, the barony of the Gorbals maintained a police force under a local act of parliament. Formed 1808.  Abolished 1846.  Successor force: Glasgow City.

                  Govan Burgh Formed 1864.  Abolished 1912.  Successor force: Glasgow

                  Greenock Burgh Formed 1801.  Abolished 1967.  Successor force: Renfrew and Bute.

                  Greenock Harbour Formed 1817.  Abolished 1822.  Successor force: Greenock Burgh. Reformed 1825.  Abolished 1843.  Successor force: Greenock Burgh.

                  Haddington Burgh Formed before 1857.  Abolished 1874.  Successor force: East Lothian.

                  Hamilton Burgh Formed 1855.  Abolished 1949.  Successor force: Lanarkshire. Reformed 1958.  Abolished 1967.  Successor force: Lanarkshire.

                  Hawick Burgh Formed 1840.  Abolished 1930.  Successor force: Roxburghshire.

                  Helensburgh Burgh Formed 1846.  Abolished 1875.  Successor force: Dunbartonshire.

                  Inverkeithing Burgh Formed c.1859.  Abolished 1885.  Successor force: Fife.

                  Inverness Burgh Formed 1847.  Abolished 1968.  Successor force: Inverness-shire

                  Jedburgh Burgh Formed 1857.  Abolished 1861.  Successor force: Roxburghshire.

                  Johnstone Burgh Formed 1857.  Abolished 1930.  Successor force: Renfrewshire.

                  Kelso Burgh Formed 1854.  Abolished 1881.  Successor force: Roxburghshire.

                  Kilmarnock Burgh Formed 1846.  Abolished 1968.  Successor force: Ayrshire

                  Kilsyth Burgh Formed 1840.  Abolished ? Successor force: Stirlingshire?

                  Kinning Park Burgh Formed 1892.  Abolished 1905.  Successor force: Glasgow City.

                  Kirkcaldy Burgh Formed 1877.  Abolished 1949.  Successor force: Fife.

                  Kirkintilloch Burgh Formed 1838.  Abolished 1872.  Successor force: Dunbartonshire.

                  Kirriemuir Burgh Formed 1859.  Abolished 1891.  Successor force: Forfarshire.

                  Leith Burgh Formed 1859.  Abolished 1920.  Successor force: Edinburgh City.

                  Lerwick Burgh Formed 1892.  Abolished 1940.  Successor force: Zetland.

                  Macduff Burgh Formed 1859.  Abolished 1870.  Successor force: Banffshire.

                  Maryhill Burgh Formed 1856.  Abolished 1891.  Successor force: Glasgow City.

                  Maxwelltown Burgh Formed 1863.  Abolished 1890.  Successor force: Kirkcudbrightshire.

                  Maybole Burgh Formed 1859.  Abolished 1861.  Successor force: Ayrshire.

                  Montrose Burgh Formed 1833.  Abolished 1930.  Successor force: Angus.

                  Motherwell & Wishaw Burgh Formed 1930.  Abolished 1967.  Successor force: Lanarkshire.

                  Musselburgh Burgh Formed 1835.  Abolished 1841.  Successor force: East Lothian.

                  Nairn Burgh Formed 1859.  Abolished 1866.  Successor force: Nairnshire.

                  Newburgh Burgh Formed 1859.  Abolished 1969.  Successor force: Fife.

                  North Berwick Burgh Formed ? Abolished 1857/8.  Successor force: Haddingtonshire (East Lothian)

                  Paisley Burgh Formed 1806.  Abolished 1969 1967.  Successor force: Renfrew and Bute.

                  Partick Burgh Formed 1858.  Abolished 1912.  Successor force: Glasgow City.

                  Perth Burgh Formed 1811.  Abolished 1964.  Successor force: Perth and Kinross By 1964 the force was named Perth City Police, but it is not clear when the change of name took place.

                  Port Glasgow Burgh Formed 1857.  Abolished 1895.  Successor force: Renfrewshire.

                  Portobello Formed 1858. Abolished 1859. Successor force: Midlothian

                  Pulteneytown Formed 1858 [by the British Fisheries Society].  Abolished 1902.  Successor force: Caithness-shire

                  Renfrew Burgh Formed 1857.  Abolished 1930.  Successor force: Renfrewshire.

                  Rothesay Burgh Formed 1846.  Abolished 1923.  Successor force: Bute.

                  St Andrews Burgh Formed 1858?  Abolished 1859? Successor force: Fife.

                  Stirling Burgh Formed 1857.  Abolished 1938.  Successor force: Stirlingshire.

                  Stranraer Burgh Formed 1857.  Abolished 1870.  Successor force: Wigtownshire.

                  Thurso Burgh Formed 1841.  Abolished 1873.  Successor force: Caithness-shire

                  Wick Burgh Formed 1841. Abolished 1858.  Successor force Caithness-shire.  Re-formed 1863.  Abolished 1873. Successor force Caithness-shire.

                  Wishaw Formed not known.  Abolished 1859.  Successor force Lanarkshire.

                   

                  Police – County Constabularies

                  From the 17th century until the mid-19th century, justices of the peace (JPs) were empowered to appoint two constables in each parish, whose duties included attending the quarter sessions court, reporting crimes and serving warrants.[1] The funding for this was supposed to come from the rogue money, a local tax levied specifically to pay for the apprehension of criminals, collected by the commissioners of supply in each county.  These parish constables were not well funded, and the work was unpopular. By 1800 a few counties were experimenting with chief constables and county constabularies. The Rogue Money (Scotland) Act, 1839, which allowed commissioners of supply to make an additional assessment for establishing and maintaining a constabulary, led to the setting up of several county constabularies.[2] However, reform of county policing throughout Scotland did not occur until the Police (Scotland) Act, 1857, which compelled all counties in Scotland who had not already done so to establish and maintain a police force.[3]

                  County police forces were appointed and supervised by a police committee or a constabulary committee made up of commissioners of supply, the Lord Lieutenant of the county and the sheriff of the county.[4] The Local Government (Scotland) Act, 1889 transferred the powers of the former police committees or constabulary committees of the commissioners of supply to standing joint committees.[5] These were composed of equal numbers of county councillors and commissioners of supply and the sheriff-principal. These, in turn, were abolished by the Local Government (Scotland) Act, 1929, which placed supervision of county constabularies under police committees of county councils.[6] In 1947 all local authorities operating a police force were required to have a police committee.[7]

                  Although legislation required that every county would have a police force, it also enabled police authorities to develop an amalgamation scheme.

                  County police forces ceased to exist when counties were abolished as part of local government reorganisation in 1975. Instead, police forces were reorganised on a regional basis, (subject to any amalgamations), and the regional and islands councils became the police authority for the police force in their area.[8]

                  Police Scotland is responsible for the surviving historical records of its predecessor police forces and has agreements with a number of local authority archives to hold many of these records which are no longer required for operational purposes (see police records locations for details).

                  Compilers: SCAN contributors (2000). Editors: Pam McNicol (Stirling Council Archives, 2021), Elspeth Reid (2021)

                  Related Knowledge Base entries

                  Police and Policing (introduction)

                  Police – Burgh Police Forces

                  Police amalgamations and reorganisations

                  Police Authorities

                  Police records (introduction)

                  Police authority minutes

                  Police predecessors’ records

                  Police Chief Constable annual reports

                  Police Chief Constable letter books

                  Police correspondence files, case files & administrative files

                  Police instruction books & manuals

                  Police licensing and similar records

                  Police memoranda books

                  Police photographs

                  Police staff records or personnel records

                  Police station records

                  Bibliography

                  Barrie, David G., Police in the Age of Improvement: police development and the civic tradition in Scotland 1775-1865 (Willan, 2008)

                  Davidson, Neil, Louise A. Jackson and David M. Smale ‘Police Amalgamation and Reform in Scotland: The Long Twentieth Century’ The Scottish Historical Review, 45.1: No 240 (2016), pp. 88-111

                  Dinsmor, Alastair, and Robert H. J. Urquhart, ‘The Origins of Modern Policing in Scotland’ Scottish Archives, 7 (2001), pp. 36-44

                  Harrison, John G., ‘Policing the Stirling Area, 1660-1706’ Scottish Archives, 7 (2001), pp. 16-24

                  Smale, David, ‘Alfred John List and the Development of Policing in the Counties of Scotland, c. 1832-77’ Journal of Scottish Historical Studies 33.1 (2013), pp. 52-80.

                  Stallion, Martin and David S. Wall, The British police: forces and chief officers 1829-2012 (Police History Society, 2011)

                  Stewart, Marion M., ‘A Policeman’s Lot: Police Records in Dumfries and Galloway, 1850-1950’ Scottish Archives, 7 (2001), pp. 25-35

                   

                  References

                  [1] Act Anent the justices for keiping of the kingis majesties peace and their constables’ The Records of the Parliaments of Scotland to 1707 ed. by K.M. Brown and others (University of St Andrews, 2007-2021), 1617/5/22. <http://www.rps.ac.uk/trans/1617/5/22 >[accessed 8 June 2021].

                  [2] Rogue Money (Scotland) Act 1839 (2 & 3 Vict. c.65).

                  [3] Police (Scotland) Act 1857 (20 & 21 Vict. c.72).

                  [4] Police (Scotland) Act 1857 (20 & 21 Vict. c.72.).

                  [5] Local Government (Scotland) Act 1889 (52 & 53 Vict. c.50).

                  [6] Local Government (Scotland) Act 1929 (19 & 20 Geo. V c.25) s.3.

                  [7] Local Government (Scotland) Act 1947 (10 & 11 Geo. VI c.43) s.112.

                  [8] Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 (c.65) s.146.

                  Police – Burgh Police Forces

                  The earliest form of policing in Scotland was the duty of watch and ward, carried out by burgesses in burghs from at least the 12th century. The work was mostly unpaid, part-time and temporary, with individuals serving as part of their civic duties.[1] By 1592 the Parliament attempted to extend these responsibilities to all inhabitants of burghs.[2] Several towns, notably Edinburgh, augmented this with an armed town guard in periods of crisis.

                  In the second half of the 18th century several burghs attempted to improve policing by obtaining local acts of parliament to empower forms of local taxation to pay for watching and other functions. In 1800, Glasgow was the first burgh to establish a police force on modern lines, with salaried constables accountable to the magistrates.[3] Several other burghs obtained local acts to establish police forces soon after 1800, and from 1833 a series of general police acts permitted any existing royal burgh to establish a police system with additional powers covering cleansing and other functions without the need for a local act of parliament.[4] The General Police (Scotland) Act, 1850 extended the power to become a police burgh to places with a population over 1200.[5] The General Police and Improvement (Scotland) Act, 1862 reduced the minimum population for the creation of a police burgh to 700.[6]

                  These burgh police forces were appointed and supervised by elected police commissioners which in some burghs were a separate local authority from the burgh council. In 1892 the Burgh Police (Scotland) Act ended the overlap and sometimes conflict that had existed between burgh councils and police commissioners in burghs by restricting powers to either one or the other. Only those burghs with 7000 or more inhabitants were allowed to keep their police forces, and new police forces were restricted to burghs with a population of over 20,000.[7] Police commissioners were abolished by the Town Councils (Scotland) Act, 1900 which replaced burgh councils, police commissioners and local authorities under the Public Health Acts with a single town council in each case.[8]

                  In 1929 the right to operate a police force was restricted to large burghs (with a population over 20,000) which already had an existing police force and new police forces only permitted in burghs with a population over 50,000: all other burghs were required to transfer any existing burgh police force and its assets to the county constabulary.[9] In 1947 all local authorities operating a police force were required to have a police committee.[10] In 1967 only twenty burghs continued to operate a police force.[11]

                  Burgh police forces ceased to exist as part of local government reorganisation in 1975, when town councils of burghs were abolished, police forces were reorganised on a regional basis, (subject to any amalgamations), and the regional and islands councils became the police authority for the police force in their area.[12]

                  Police Scotland is responsible for the surviving historical records of its predecessor police forces and has agreements with a number of local authority archives to hold many of these records which are no longer required for operational purposes (see police records locations for details).

                  Compilers: SCAN contributors (2000). Editors: Pam McNicol (Stirling Council Archives, 2021), Elspeth Reid (2021)

                  Related Knowledge Base entries

                  Policing and Police Forces

                  Police records locations

                  Police – County Constabularies

                  Police amalgamations and reorganisations

                  Police Authorities

                  Police records (introduction)

                  Police predecessors’ records

                  Police authority minutes

                  Police Chief Constable annual reports

                  Police Chief Constable letter books

                  Police correspondence files, case files & administrative files

                  Police instruction books & manuals

                  Police licensing and similar records

                  Police memoranda books

                  Police photographs

                  Police staff records or personnel records

                  Police station records

                  Bibliography

                  Barrie, David G., Police in the Age of Improvement: police development and the civic tradition in Scotland 1775-1865 (Willan, 2008)

                  Dinsmor, Alastair, and Robert H. J. Urquhart, ‘The Origins of Modern Policing in Scotland’ Scottish Archives, 7 (2001), pp. 36-44

                  Harrison, John G., ‘Policing the Stirling Area, 1660-1706’ Scottish Archives, 7 (2001), pp. 16-24

                  McGowan, John, ‘The Emergence of Modern Civil Police in Scotland: a case study of the police and systems of police in Edinburghshire 1800-1833’ (unpublished doctoral thesis, The Open University, 1997).

                  Stallion, Martin and David S. Wall, The British Police: Forces and Chief Officers 1829-2012 (Police History Society, 2011)

                  Stewart, Marion M., ‘A Policeman’s Lot: Police Records in Dumfries and Galloway, 1850-1950’ Scottish Archives, 7 (2001), pp. 25-35

                   

                  References

                  [1] David G. Barrie, Police in the Age of Improvement: police development and the civic tradition in Scotland 1775-1865 (Willan, 2008), pp.24-25.

                  [2] Regarding the taxation of burghs. The Records of the Parliaments of Scotland to 1707, ed. by K.M. Brown and others (University of St Andrews, 2007-2021), 1592/4/97 <http://www.rps.ac.uk/trans/1592/4/97> [accessed 30 Nov 2021]

                  [3] Glasgow City Extension and Improvement Act 1800 (39 & 40 Geo. III c.lxxxviii).

                  [4] Burgh Police (Scotland) Act 1833 (3 & 4 Will. IV c.46).

                  [5] Police (Scotland) Act 1850 (13 & 14 Vict. c.33).

                  [6] General Police and Improvement (Scotland) Act 1862 (25 & 26 Vict. c. 101).

                  [7] Burgh Police (Scotland) Act 1892 (55 & 56 Vict. c. 55).

                  [8] Town Councils (Scotland) Act, 1900 (63 & 64 Vict. c. 49).

                  [9] Local Government (Scotland) Act 1929 (19 & 20 Geo. V c.25) s.3.

                  [10] Local Government (Scotland) Act 1947 (10 & 11 Geo. VI c.43) s.112.

                  [11] Police (Scotland) Act 1967 (c.77).

                  [12] Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 (c.65) s.146.

                  Parochial Boards and Parish Councils

                  The Poor Law (Scotland) Act 1845 established parochial boards throughout Scotland in civil parishes and a central Board of Supervision in Edinburgh.[1] The constitution of the boards in rural areas depended on whether or not they imposed a poor rate. If they did not, they would be composed of the heritors and kirk session; if they did, then as well as the heritors and kirk session they were required to add a varying number of members elected locally. Only a minority of parishes were legally assessed for poor rates in 1845 but most were by 1862. The entitlement to poor relief remained unchanged and excluded the able-bodied unemployed. Each parochial board was required to appoint an inspector of the poor who was in charge of the day-to-day administration of relief. They were also permitted to build poorhouses, whether alone or in combination with other parochial boards and could subscribe to hospitals.[2]

                  Other functions were added to the duties of the parochial boards outwith the burghs, for example by including them as one of the local authorities under the Public Health Act 1867.[3] Public health duties included the regulation of lodging houses, removal of nuisances, construction of sewers, water supply and the control of infectious diseases. This legislation also empowered local authorities to build hospitals, to appoint medical and sanitary inspectors and to form special drainage and water districts.[4] Parochial boards (and town councils acting as parochial boards) were also given powers under the Burial Grounds (Scotland) Act 1855 to close and open burial grounds, acquire land for that purpose and appoint staff to deal with burials.[5] They were also given some responsibilities for paying for the education of children in reformatories.[6] The public health powers of parochial boards in the landward area were transferred to county councils by the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1889 and special drainage districts and water districts were transferred to sub-committees of county councils.[7]

                  Parochial boards were replaced by wholly elected parish councils and the Board of Supervision by the Local Government Board for Scotland under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1894.[8] The new parish councils acquired a few additional functions, including the power to acquire buildings for public offices and ground for recreational purposes, and the administration of rights of way. They could also take land on lease for allotments and could take over the administration of certain types of parish trusts and the maintenance of churchyards. From 1925 all remaining churchyards belonging to heritors were transferred to parish councils.[9] Parish councils were abolished by the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1929 which transferred their functions to the county councils, district councils and town councils.[10]

                  Surviving records of parish councils and parochial boards are held by local authority archives services.

                  Compilers: SCAN contributors (2000). Editor: Elspeth Reid (2021)

                  Related Knowledge Base entries

                  Poor law 1845-1948

                  Parochial boards and parish council records

                  Bibliography

                  Crowther, M. Anne., ‘Poverty, Health and Welfare’, in People and Society in Scotland, 1830-1914, ed. by W. Hamish Fraser and R. J. Morris (John Donald, 1990), pp. 265-89

                  Levitt, Ian (ed.) Government and Social Conditions in Scotland 1845-1919 (Scottish History Society, 1988)

                   

                  References

                  [1] Poor Law (Scotland) Act 1845 (8 & 9 Vict. c.83).

                  [2] Poor Law (Scotland) Act 1845 (8 & 9 Vict. c.83) ss.60-61, 66-67.

                  [3] Public Health (Scotland) Act 1867 (30 & 31 Vict. c.101).

                  [4] Public Health (Scotland) Act 1867 (30 & 31 Vict. c.101) s.8, s.76, s.89.

                  [5] Burial Grounds (Scotland) Act 1855 (18 & 19 Vict. c.68).

                  [6] Reformatory Schools (Scotland) Act 1854 (17 & 18 Vict. c.74).

                  [7] Local Government (Scotland) Act 1889 (52 & 53 Vict. c.50).

                  [8] Local Government (Scotland) Act 1894 (57 & 58 Vict. c.58).

                  [9] The Church of Scotland (Property and Endowments) Act 1925 (Geo. V c.33) s.32.

                  [10] Local Government (Scotland) Act 1929 (19 & 20 Geo. V c.25).

                  Parliaments

                  Scotland had a parliament (consisting of ‘three estates’ of clergy, nobility and burgesses) from the mid-13th century until 25 March 1707. From 1 May 1707, under article III of the Treaty of Union, Scotland sent representatives to the United Kingdom parliament at Westminster in London. On 1 July 1999 a devolved parliament was established in Edinburgh with control over all government functions relating to Scotland except those reserved by the Westminster parliament.

                  Related Knowledge Base entries

                  Records of the Old Scottish Parliament (until 1707)

                  Records of the Scottish Parliament (since 1999)

                  Acts of the UK Parliament (Westminster)

                  Parliamentary Papers after 1707

                  Bibliography

                  Scottish Record Office, Guide to the National Archives of Scotland (Stair Society/HMSO, 1996)

                  Duncan, A. A. M., ‘The early parliaments of Scotland’, Scottish History Society, 45 (1966) 36-58.

                  Rait, R. S., The Parliaments of Scotland (Glasgow, 1924)

                  Young, John R., The Scottish Parliament, 1639-1661: a political and constitutional analysis (John Donald, 1996)

                  The Parliaments of Scotland: burgh and shire commissioners ed. by Margaret D. Young, (Scottish Academic Press, 1992)

                  Links

                  [all accessed 26 April 2024]

                  National Records of Scotland <https://webarchive.nrscotland.gov.uk/20240326182606/https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/research/research-guides/research-guides-a-z/scottish-parliament-records>

                  The Records of the Parliaments of Scotland to 1707 (RPS) <https://www.rps.ac.uk>

                  English Parliament before 1707 and the British Parliament from 1707 <Homepage | History of Parliament Online>

                  Parliamentary Archives of the UK <https://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/parliamentary-archives/>

                  Scottish Parliament <https://www.parliament.scot/>

                  New Town Corporations

                  New town development corporations were set up as a result of the New Towns Act 1946 which enabled the Secretary of State for Scotland to designate sites for new towns and appoint development corporations to plan and build them.[1] This resulted in five new towns in Scotland:  East Kilbride (1949), Glenrothes (1948), Cumbernauld (1956), Livingston (1962) and Irvine (1966). A sixth new town was proposed for Stonehouse, in Lanarkshire, but this proposal was abandoned.

                  After the Second World War, new towns were seen as a way of alleviating overpopulation in inner cities, speeding up regeneration of industry and increasing employment throughout the UK.  The five new towns in Scotland re-housed hundreds of thousands of people from west central Scotland, especially Glasgow, attracted new industrial and commercial developments and were key sites for modern planning and architecture.

                  The five new town development corporations consisted of a chairman, deputy chairman and up to seven members, all appointed by the Secretary of State for Scotland after consultation with local authorities.  They were responsible for planning and related functions including housing and roads, and the Secretary of State could approve their development proposals after consultation with the local planning authority.  These key functions were therefore removed from the scrutiny of elected councillors within the new town although all other local authority functions (education, social work, etc) continued to be provided by the relevant local authority for the area within which the town was located.

                  The five new town development corporations were wound up between 1991 and 1997.[2]  East Kilbride and Glenrothes were formally dissolved on 5 April 1996 and Cumbernauld, Irvine and Livingston were formally dissolved on 31 March 1997.[3]

                  The records of the development corporations were transferred to local authority archives services. East Kilbride Development Corporation records are held by South Lanarkshire Council Archives, Glenrothes by Fife Archives, Cumbernauld by North Lanarkshire Council Archives, Livingston by West Lothian Council Archives and Irvine by Ayrshire Archives.

                  Compilers: SCAN contributors (2000). Editor: Elspeth Reid (2021)

                  Bibliography

                  Edwards, K.C., ‘The New Towns of Britain’ Geography 49.3 (1964), pp. 279-85

                  Goodlad, Robina and Suzie Scott, ‘Housing and the Scottish New Towns: A Case Study of Policy Termination and Quasi markets’, Urban Studies 33.2 (1996), pp. 317-35

                  Levitt, Ian, ‘New Towns, New Scotland, New Ideology, 1937-57’ The Scottish Historical Review 76.2 No. 202 (1997), pp. 222-38

                  Tyrwhitt, Jacqueline, ‘Changes in new town policies in Britain 1946-1971’ Ekistics 36 No.212 (1973), pp. 14-16

                   

                  References

                  [1] New Towns Act, 1946 (9 & 10 Geo. VI c.68) ss.1-2.

                  [2] The New Town (Glenrothes) Winding Up Order 1992 (SI No. 354 (S. 28)); The New Town (East Kilbride) Winding Up Order 1992 (SI No 355 (S. 29)); The New Town (Livingston) Winding Up Order 1993 (SI No 3060 (S. 289)); The New Town (Irvine) Winding Up Order 1993 (SI No. 3061 (S. 290)); The New Town (Cumbernauld) Winding Up Order 1993 (SI No. 3062 (S. 291)); The New Town (East Kilbride) Winding Up (Variation) Order 1994 (SI No. 200 (S. 6)).

                  [3] The New Town (Glenrothes) Dissolution Order 1996 (1996 No. 1065 (S. 114)); The New Town (East Kilbride) Dissolution Order 1996 (1996 No. 1066 (S. 115)); The New Town (Irvine) Dissolution Order 1997 (1997 No. 641 (S. 39)); The New Town (Livingston) Dissolution Order 1997 (1997 No. 642 (S. 40)); The New Town (Cumbernauld) Dissolution Order 1997 (1997 No. 643 (S. 41)).

                  Local authorities for animal disease

                  In the 19th century local authorities were established to take measures against contagious diseases of animals. Under the Cattle Diseases Prevention Act 1866, commissioners of supply were required to nominate between four and fifteen commissioners, the Lord Lieutenant was to nominate an equal number of tenants of agricultural lands valued above £100, and these individuals along with the Lord Lieutenant, the convenor of the county and the sheriff were to constitute the local authority.[1] These local authorities were then required to appoint inspectors, empowered to slaughter cattle and cleanse premises, and allowed to pay for this from rates, to be collected by the commissioners of supply in counties and by the local authority in burghs. An amendment the same year enabled these local authorities to borrow money where their expenses exceeded what could be raise through rates.[2] In 1869, the tenants nominated by the Lord Lieutenant were replaced with elected local representatives of tenants of property valued above £100 and owner-occupiers of property valued above £50.[3]

                  Local authorities under the Contagious Diseases (Animals) Acts were abolished by the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1889, which transferred their functions to the county councils.[4] County councils, however, sometimes continued to use the name when carrying out their functions under the acts.

                  Surviving records are likely to be in local authority archives services and may be found amongst county council records.

                  Compilers: SCAN contributors (2000). Editor: Elspeth Reid (2021

                  Bibliography

                  Evans, A. A. L., ‘Health’ in Source book and history of administrative law in Scotland ed. by M. R. McLarty (Hodge, 1956) pp. 130-47

                  Slevin, John, ‘Rural Administration’ in Source book and history of administrative law in Scotland ed. by M. R. McLarty (Hodge, 1956) pp. 13-28

                  Whyte, W. E., Local Government in Scotland (Hodge & Co, 1936)

                   

                  References

                  [1] Cattle Diseases Prevention Act 1866 (29 & 30 Vict c.2) s.5.

                  [2] Cattle Diseases Prevention Amendment Act 1866 (29 & 30 Vict c.110.

                  [3] Contagious Diseases (Animals) Act 1869 (32 & 33 Vict c.70) s.118.

                  [4] Local Government (Scotland) Act 1889 (52 & 53 Vict., c.50).