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                  Your Scottish Archives Glossary

                  The Your Scottish Archives Glossary defines archaic words and phrases, mostly Scots law terminology, commonly found in documents and records in Scotland’s archives. If you think a word or phrase should be added to the glossary, or an existing entry could be defined better, please contact us at your@scottisharchives.org.uk.

                  You can also use the Dictionary of the Scots Language as a further resource at https://dsl.ac.uk/ for Scots words and phrases (including legal terminology).

                  To find a term within the glossary, click on the initial letter of the word you are looking for, then select the relevant syllable segment displayed below.

                  Example: to find the term “roup” select section “R” then sub-section “Ro”

                  A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y

                  diem clausit extremum

                  Latin phrase meaning ‘he has closed his last day’ (i.e. died); the name of a royal order sent to a sheriff to enquire into the death of a debtor of the Crown, and to ensure the Crown is satisfied for the debt.

                  digital archivist

                  an archivist who is responsible for digital archives and who manages them to ensure the original information is preserved and can reliably be shown to be the authentic record.

                  digital preservation

                  the process of ensuring that digital information remains accessible and usable, while maintaining its authenticity, integrity and reliability.

                  digital record

                  records which require an electronic device in order to be viewed. This can include records which were created as digital (known as ‘born digital’) and records which are electronic versions of paper or other physical records.

                  digitisation; digitised

                  this is a process through which a digital copy is produced from analogue – hard copy – records. Methods for digitisation may include scanning or taking a digital photo of an analogue records, such as a letter.

                  The resulting copy is a digitised record; the original record remain the hard copy item, as this is the format of the material as it was first made. Archive services consider digitised records to be different from records which were first created using digital means, such as an email or digital photograph; these are sometimes referred to as born digital records

                  diligence

                  a legal action or warrant to compel a defaulting party to an obligation to pay or perform what he had undertaken in the obligation; or a warrant to recover writings from an opponent or evidence from witnesses. It can be in various forms, depending on whether action is taken against the defaulter’s moveable or heritable property.  Horning and poinding are the usual ones applied to moveable property, inhibition to heritable subjects.

                  diocese

                  the extent of a bishop’s jurisdiction, which continued to be important for long after the Reformation, because the area of jurisdiction of each commissary was determined by the bounds of the earlier diocese.

                  diplomatics

                  the study of the form and structure of documents; often used to identify what a document is.

                  discharge

                  a written deed which cancels or extinguishes an obligation, usually one to repay a debt.

                  disclamation

                  a disavowal or rejection by a feuar of a particular person as his superior, for which he would be liable to forfeiture.

                  disposition

                  a deed whereby a right to property (either heritable or moveable) is alienated by one person and conveyed to another.

                  disposition in implement

                  A disposition granted in implement of a previous, imperfect conveyance.

                  disposition; records disposition

                  in records management, disposition or disposal is the transfer of records to an archive service or their final destruction, in accordance with appraisal of their evidential and long-term value.

                  dispositive clause

                  the clause in a deed which transfers property of any sort.

                  dittay

                  the substance of the charge against a person accused of a crime.